碎片化移动微学习在兽医微生物学课程教学中的应用

兽医微生物学是动物医学本科课程体系中的一门专业基础课,涉及内容广,知识更新快。有限的课堂时间无法满足学生对学科前沿知识的学习期待,传统填鸭式的教学模式不能有效发挥学生的主动性,从而影响教学质量的提高。基于智能手机的碎片化移动微学习,由于迎合了娱乐式学习和终身学习的需求,目前已广泛应用于外语类文科课程的教学过程中,但在微生物学等非文科类专业尚未全面推广。介绍了碎片化移动微学习的概念和研究现状,分析了其在兽医微生物学教学中的应用,以期为相关学科的教学改革提供参考。     

体验式教学在兽医内科学课程教学中的应用探索

强调以“学生为中心”的体验式教学有利于提高教学效果。以兽医内科学课程教学改革为研究对象,重点分析了目前高校兽医内科学课程教学现状,并积极探索体验式教学在该课程教学中的应用,以期得到更好的教学效果。     

中草药标本室的建立对中兽医药与方剂学课程的影响

为了更好地开展中兽医药与方剂学课程的教学和科学研究,使学生了解和掌握中草药物和方剂的理论学习,通过制作中草药饮片标本、干制标本、蜡叶标本和浸制标本,不断地建立和完善中草药标本室,也可以通过中草药标本二维码数据库的建立、常见植物标本的种植栽培,以及野外采集中草药实践教学的实施,提高学生对中兽医药与方剂学课程的学习质量,以期为今后临床实践和应用打下良好的理论基础。     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清5型的分离鉴定

新疆奇台和昌吉市规模化猪场发生育肥猪急性死亡,疑似猪传染性胸膜肺炎,采集病料进行细菌的分离培养、PCR检测、药敏试验及小鼠致病性试验。结果分离获得猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌奇台株2株,昌吉株1株。PCR分型鉴定均为血清5型。致病性试验显示,分离株均可致死小鼠。对氟苯尼考、头孢噻呋、恩诺沙星等抗生素敏感。结论,确诊病原为猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清5型。血清5型已成为新疆地区致死率较高的流行血清型。     

某牛场犊牛大肠杆菌病的实验室诊断与药敏试验

2018年3月份,黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市某规模化奶牛场发生犊牛腹泻,为了确诊其病因,无菌采取10头腹泻犊牛粪便进行细菌分离鉴定、生化试验、PCR鉴定和药敏试验等。生化结果表明:符合大肠杆菌生化特性;PCR结果表明:引物能有效扩增大肠杆菌OmpA、K99、Sta、irp2、FyuA基因;药敏结果表明:大肠杆菌对恩诺沙星、左氟沙星、头孢曲松高度敏感;10头犊牛均为大肠杆菌感染,本研究为该牛场犊牛腹泻的病因分析和防治提供了指导。     

兽医临床实例训练课程教学与考核模式的探索

兽医临床实例训练是安徽农业大学动物医学专业近几年新开设的一门实践课程。该课程以学校动物医院为实践平台,以提高学生的动手操作技能,增强临床实践能力,培养学生的临床思维能力和初步职业素质为目标,通过在教学过程中不断地实践和完善,探索出一套合理的、先进的教学与考核模式。该模式取得了明显的教学效果,为兽医临床实践教学改革提供了新思维和新方法。     

一例鸡源致病型大肠杆菌的分离鉴定

为进行一例鸡源致病型大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,无菌采集疑似大肠杆菌患病蛋鸡肝脏、脾脏等组织,进行病原菌的分离培养。利用培养特性检查、菌落形态观察、革兰氏染色鉴定、生化特性考察、PCR鉴定、测序分析以及动物致病性试验对分离菌株进行鉴定,并同时进行药敏试验。结果显示,分离菌株为一株致病型大肠杆菌,对青霉素、氟苯尼考、阿莫西林等多种抗生素产生耐药性,对丁胺卡那敏感。建议使用丁胺卡那霉素对大肠杆菌进行防治。     

Effect of decitabine on resistance of K562/A02 cells to adriamycin

AIM: To investigate the effect of decitabine (DAC) on the resistance of human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562/A02 to adriamycin (ADR), and to explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: The K562/A02 cell line and its parental cell line K562 were treated with different concentrations of ADR or DAC alone, or in combination. The cytotoxic effects of these 2 agents were determined by CCK-8 assay. The degree of DNA methylation was evaluated by Sequenom MassARRAY system and colorimetric method. The cell cycle distribution and the apoptotic rate were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: K562/A02 cells were more significantly resistant to ADR than K562 cells.The half maximal inhibitory concentration of ADR for 24 h of the K562/A02 cells was about 50 times higher than that of the K562 cells. To DAC, in the concentration range of 0.5~8 μmol/L, K562/A02 cells were more sensitive than K562 cells. As compared with the same concentrations (4.31 μmol/L and 17.24 μmol/L) of ADR alone, the combination with 1 μmol/L DAC significantly improved the sensitivity of K562/A02 cells to ADR. Both DAC and ADR affected the cell cycle progression and apoptotic rate of K562/A02 cells. DAC (1 μmol/L) treatment mainly showed S phase arrest and increased early apoptotic rate for 24 h, and G₂/M phase arrest and increased late apoptosis and necrosis for 48 h in a time-related manner. ADR treatment showed G₂/M phase arrest and increased late apoptosis and necrosis in a concentration-dependent manner. In combination with 1 μmol/L DAC, the effect of ADR on the cell cycle distribution was further enhanced, showing more obvious G₂/M phase arrest, but no significant difference of the apoptotic rate was observed. The degree of methylation in the genome had no significant difference between the 2 cells, and it before and after DAC treatment had no significant change. CONCLUSION: DAC enhances the sensitivity of K562/A02 cells to ADR, showing drug resistance-reversing potential. The mechanism may be related to regulating cell cycle progression and promoting apoptosis and necrosis of K562/A02 cells.